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Feldspar is widely found in acidic granite, neutral diorite, basic gabbro, and various metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Quartz ore is a common mineral. Primary quartz exists in acidic granite and metamorphic gneiss in crystalline form, and a small amount exists in intermediate acidic granodiorite. Quartz and feldspar are very similar in physical properties, chemical composition, structure, etc., and often exist in nature in a symbiotic state. Flotation is one of the commonly used methods for the separation of quartz and feldspar. This article mainly introduces several quartz and feldspar flotation separation processes for you.
Use the table of contents below to navigate through the guide:
Hydrofluoric acid flotation is a traditional method of flotation and separation of quartz and feldspar. Specifically, activator hydrofluoric acid or fluoride is added to the pulp, and in a strongly acidic medium, amine cationic collectors are used to preferentially float out Feldspar.
The mechanism of hydrofluoric acid separation of feldspar-quartz is: as hydrofluoric acid is added to the pulp, the pH value of the pulp decreases, the dissociation balance between the quartz in the pulp and the surface of the feldspar will be broken, and electronic reactions will occur in the pulp. Finally, the feldspar surface presents a certain electronegativity. When a cationic collector is added to the slurry, the agent will be adsorbed on the surface of the feldspar, so that the hydrophobic surface of the feldspar will float preferentially.
This flotation method is in a strongly acidic medium (pH 2-3), using an anionic mixed collector amine and petroleum sulfonate to preferentially float feldspar.
The mechanism of feldspar-quartz separation without fluorine and acid is: after adding acid to the pulp, when the pH value of the pulp is 2-3, it is near the zero potential of quartz, and the quartz surface is not charged. Since the pH value of feldspar at zero potential is lower, when quartz is at zero potential, feldspar itself is negatively charged. Therefore, when an anion and cation mixed collector is added to the slurry, weak electrostatic adsorption and molecular adsorption will be formed on the quartz surface. The feldspar surface will have the characteristic adsorption of active aluminum ions to anion collectors. The various adsorptions in the slurry promote and cooperate with each other, so that the adsorption amount of the collector on the surface of the feldspar is greater than that of the quartz, so that the feldspar is preferentially floated, and the feldspar is separated from the quartz.
Since the stealing will cause corrosion to the equipment, in order to optimize this quartz-feldspar flotation process, it is necessary to remove the impact of strong acid on the beneficiation environment. Under acid-free conditions, the concentrator adopts two processes: flotation in neutral medium and flotation in alkaline medium.
Flotation method in neutral medium: Under the action of neutral medium, both quartz and feldspar are negatively charged, and the cationic collector can form characteristic adsorption on the Al micro-area on the surface of the feldspar, combined with a suitable anion and cation collector Hydrophobic molecular clusters are formed. At this time, the adsorption capacity of the feldspar surface is much greater than that of quartz, and the feldspar can be floated preferentially. Collectors can be oleate anion collectors and amine cationic collectors, and sodium hexametaphosphate inhibitors are also required. During flotation, it is necessary to pay attention to the ratio of anions and cations added. If the cationic collector is excessive, the selectivity of flotation will decrease, and both minerals will float up; if the anionic collector is excessive, the separation effect of the two will be better.
Flotation method in alkaline medium: In alkaline medium, the buoyancy of feldspar becomes weaker, while that of quartz remains basically unchanged, so quartz can be preferentially flotation. When the pH value of the pulp is 11-12, alkaline earth metal ions can be added as activators, and alkyl sulfonates can be used as collectors, and then the quartz is first floated out to realize the separation from feldspar.
The above contents are three flotation separation processes of feldspar and quartz. The specific feldspar-quartz separation method should be selected according to the characteristics and characteristics of the ore itself. Xinhai Mining recommends mineral processing test analysis of quartz feldspar ore, and designs flotation separation process according to the test results. Xinhai Mining can customize quartz and feldspar mineral processing plan for you, please leave a message for consultation.
