Introduction of common crushing equipment

With the advancement of science and technology, various new types of high-efficiency crushing equipment have emerged and are now widely used. Jaw crushers, cone crushers, and gyratory crushers are primarily employed for processing metallic ores. Crushers come in a variety of models and specifications, which some customers may not be very familiar with. In light of this, Xinhai technicians have provided a detailed introduction for everyone. The selection of crusher model and specification should align with the ore characteristics, the scale of the beneficiation plant, the site conditions, and other factors.

Generally, jaw crushers and gyratory crushers are suitable for processing medium-hard ores. Gyratory crushers are ideal for large-scale plants located on mountain slopes, while jaw crushers are widely used in smaller plants and for ores containing more viscous materials. In addition, cone crushers are used for medium and fine crushing, and double-roll crushers are sometimes applied. Impact crushers can be used to process schistose ores of medium hardness.

Jaw Crusher

A jaw crusher consists of two jaw plates: one is a fixed jaw plate mounted vertically on the front wall of the frame, and the other is a movable jaw plate, which together with the fixed plate forms a crushing chamber. During operation, the movable jaw performs a periodic motion relative to the fixed jaw around the eccentric shaft. When the jaws come together, materials are crushed by compression and impact; when they separate, the crushed materials are discharged by gravity through the outlet. 

The crushing chamber of a jaw crusher is deep and free of dead zones, which increases both feeding capacity and production efficiency. It is characterized by a high reduction ratio and uniform product size. Xinhai jaw crushers offer advantages such as high production capacity, a wide range of acceptable feed sizes, simple and compact structure, reliable operation, easy maintenance, and low investment costs. However, they also have disadvantages, including high noise levels, significant inertial forces, and a relatively small crushing cavity. Therefore, jaw crushers are mainly used for coarse and intermediate crushing of hard, blocky materials.

Cone Crusher

The swing stroke of a cone crusher significantly affects its performance. An increased swing stroke enhances the compression ratio in the feeding zone, improves product quality, and ensures finer output. A reduced swing stroke, on the other hand, leads to poorer product quality and decreased fineness. To ensure quality, the swing stroke should be set to the maximum possible value, while avoiding over-crushing and compaction.

Impact Crusher

During operation, the rotor spins at high speed driven by the motor. Materials enter the hammer area where they are struck and crushed. They are then thrown against the impact liner for further crushing. Afterwards, the materials rebound from the impact plate back to the hammer area to be crushed again. Once the material reaches the required size, it is discharged through the outlet. The discharge size and shape can be adjusted by changing the gap between the impact frame and the rotor.

Hammer Crusher

Hammer crushers are capable of processing ores down to -25mm. They are mainly used in industries such as cement, coal separation, power generation, building materials, and compound fertilizer production.