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[Introduction]: Because different lithium ores have different properties, low lithium oxide content, and different mineral compositions, their beneficiation processes also differ. Currently, the main lithium ore beneficiation methods include flotation separation, magnetic separation, heavy medium beneficiation, and combined beneficiation.
[Improvement]: The lithium ore mineral beneficiation process designed by Xinhai Mining is mainly suitable for treating spodumene and lepidolite lithium minerals.
After lithium ores ground (avoid over-grinding as much as possible), add starches, dextrins and other reagents to discourage the upward movement of lithium ores. Strong stirring in highly concentrated alkaline media, then scrubbing and desliming several times. The lithium concentrates can be floated by oleic acid and its soap salt-trapping agents. The gangue minerals are left in flotation tank. The inhibitors are not additional required in this procedure.
It creates an alkaline environment with lime. Starch and dextrin are added to inhibit the float of lithium. At the same time, cationic trapping agents are added to float the silicate vein minerals. The products in flotation are lithium concentrates. If there are iron minerals in lithium ores, foaming agents(such as HF and resin acid salts) can be added to remove iron and other impurities further.
Magnetic separation is commonly applied to remove iron-bearing impurities in lepidolite. These iron minerals are weakly magnetic and can be separated via high-intensity magnetic separation to obtain low-iron lepidolite concentrates.
For spodumene with a relatively coarse crystal size, the heavy-media beneficiation method can be applied to make lithium ore a heavy mineral product. Mix the lithium ore after washing and desliming with heavy-media (there are two types of heavy medium: heavy liquid and heavy suspension, here mainly refer to heavy suspension), and feed it into the heavy medium cyclone at a pressure of 0.05-0.20Mpa for separation. Heavy products and light products can be separated. The heavy products become lithium concentrates after being stripped through the stripping sieve.
Oxidized paraffin soap and naphthenic acid soap are used as a combined collector first, and NaOH is a pH regulator. The one-coarse and one-fine flotation process is used in the alkaline mineral slurry to obtain spodumene concentrate. Then, remove iron by strong magnetic separation to get concentrate with low iron content.
Ground materials after slurry adjustment are sent to gravity separation (remove tantalum, niobium and other products), gravity separation tailings after desliming by concentrator. Gravity separation tailings are concentrated and deslimed by thickener.
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