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As an important equipment for concentrate and tailings dehydration in the mineral processing process, the thickening machine has abnormal vibration, which directly affects the daily production of the concentrator plant. There are 6 reasons lead to the abnormal vibration. There are deviation of the center column of dense machine, the drive level, rake rack not equal, the drive mechanism not synchronized, damaged drive gear or bearing. When abnormal vibration happens, we can check the thickening machine from these six aspects. Only finding the source of problem, can we make the suitable solutions.
Use the table of contents below to navigate through the guide:
01 Reason 1: The central column verticality of the thickener has deviated
02 Reason 2: The levelness of the thickener drive device is deviated
03 Reason 3: Thickener rakes are not at the same level
04 Reason 4: The drive mechanism is not synchronized
05 Reason 5: Damaged thickener drive gears or bearings
06 Reason 6: Insufficient structural strength of thickener rake and rotating cage
The deviation of the central column verticality on thickener directly leads to the inability of the thickener rake to run horizontally and evenly. After the central column is inclined, the long rake will be at a low point. After that, every time it rotates to this point, and the long rake on the other side will always be at a high point. This will make the rake as a whole inclined. In the process of rotation, it is in a state of high and low, and it is easy to produce abnormal noise and vibration of the thickener. In addition, this type of verticality deviation will also cause uneven force on the thickener drive gear, which is prone to abnormal noise during long-term operation under this condition. The problem of damage to the drive gear may also occur.
Checking methods and solutions
a. Evacuate the thickener, take the central column as the core, and determine 4 measuring points on the outside of its bottom with the 4 vertices of the square as a model. Then measure from the top of the central column with the corresponding 4 measuring points, respectively, to determine whether the central column is vertical or not. If there is a deviation, judge deviation in which direction, how much deviation.
b. Evacuate the thickener, select multiple measurement points at certain intervals on the side wall of the concentration tank, and determine whether there is a deviation in the central column and the direction of the deviation by measuring the height difference of the rake passing through the measurement points.
Correct the verticality by adjusting the backing plate at the connection of the central column of the thickener, so as to solve the problem of the deviation of the central column.
During the installation process of the thickener, there is a problem of drive device level deviation. Because the thickener's rotating mechanism is connected to the driving device, it directly causes the rotating mechanism to deflect during operation, which will result in abnormal vibration of the thickener. Over time, abnormal rotation caused by deflection of the drive can cause permanent damage to its internal transmission components.
Checking methods and solutions
Take the main support structure of the driving device or the upper plane of the thickener's big gear as the detection part. Then, find a measurement plane, take 4 points in different directions as the measurement benchmark. Detect the 4 points in static state through the spirit level, and then collect the dynamic detection value of the 4 points during the thickening machine operation. compared to the values to judge whether there is a horizontal deviation of the driving device in the thickener.
The problem of abnormal vibration is solved by adjusting the angle between the thickener drive device and the connecting part of the central column to eliminate the horizontal deviation.
The thickener usually has two long rakes and two short rakes. In thickening process, rakes rotate continuously. Due to the different pulp concentrations, the force on the rake frame during process is also different. In addition, long-term operation can easily cause the four rake frames of the thickener to be not at the same level because of the long cantilever feature. If the thickener is running under this fault condition, the rake will float up and down due to uneven force during the rotation process, resulting in abnormal vibration of the thickener. It will also affect the uniform sedimentation of the pulp and the reduction of the water quality of the overflow water.
Checking methods and solutions
Empty the thickener. Determine 4 measurement points on the side wall of the thickener tank according to different orientations. Determine whether all the rake arms are running on the same horizontal level through the theodolite and the position of the rake arms corresponding to each point, and how much the deviation is.
Adjust the connection position of the problem rake arm in time according to the detection result. When the rake is always on the same level, it can eliminate the fault.
There are 2-4 drive heads on the thickener machine which can rotate the machine. Each drive head works independently to power the rotation of the thickener.When the drive head is operating in abnormal states, it will cause the driving force of the equipment to be insufficient, or the drive is blocked, or the drive gear of a drive head is forced to drag, causing the vibration of the thickening machine.
Checking method and solution
Remove the thickener drive device, and investigate mechanical and electrical on multiple drive heads, so as to determine whether the equipment drive device works synchronously. Then repair and correct the problem drive head to solve the problem of dissynchronization.
The thickener works for a long time without regular maintenance and lubrication. The gears and bearings of the equipment may be damaged due to uneven forces. The faulty parts will produce obvious vibration and abnormal noise during operation. If not handled in time, the equipment may be abnormal shutdown, rake not work and other failures.
Checking methods and solutions
Directly repair the abnormal sound part and remove the fault.
The rake frame and the rotating cage are subjected to greater force during the operation of the thickener, and the larger thickener, the longer the rake frame, and the greater force on the rake arm. When the rake and tumbler with insufficient strength are running in the slurry accumulation layer, elastic deformation will occur, causing the tumbler to deviate to one side. This will cause the whole equipment to shake.
Checking method and solution
Regular maintenance of equipment. If there is deformation on rake frame and rotating cage, you can appropriately increase the support, strengthen the link strength and other reinforcement disposal.
The above are the six main reasons for the abnormal vibration of the thickener machine and the simple diagnostic solutions.Xinhai suggests that when buying the thickening machine for ore processing, you should consider the production environment, process conditions, investment cost and other factor. Then, you should choose professional and qualified manufacturers to prolong the service life of the equipment and avoid economic losses.
