Among the many gravity separation equipment, the spiral chute is widely favored by mining enterprises because of its advantages of simple structure, large processing capacity, low comprehensive cost, and high recovery rate.
It performs exceptionally well in processing fine-grained gold ores with low mud content. Because it operates without adding chemicals or performing complex operations, it reduces operating costs and minimizes environmental impact.
So, how does it achieve this range of benefits? Please read on for an in-depth analysis of the spiral chute's working principle, performance characteristics, and effectiveness in gold ore processing.
A spiral chute is gravity separation equipment that utilizes the inertial centrifugal force generated by the slurry in the spiral rotary motion to separate light and heavy minerals.
Its production capacity is 0.15-16t/h, and it is widely used in the beneficiation of tungsten, tin, gold, platinum, iron, and some rare metal ores.
Classification
According to the particle size of the ore to be processed, the spiral chutes design can be divided into three kinds: ore chute, slurry chute, and coarse-grain chute. Below are the particle size parameters that each of the three spiral chutes can handle:
Alluvial spiral chute: it can handle ore particles of about 2-3mm in size;
Slurry spiral chute: the maximum feed size is less than 0.074mm;
Coarse-grain spiral chute: the feed size is more than 2-3mm, and the maximum feed size range is 100-200mm.
Working Principle
The spiral chute comprises six parts: channel steel frame， feed chute， spiral trough， product splitter， receiving hopper， and discharge collection hopper.
The ore slurry is pumped to the two feed inlets at the top of the spiral chute, with additional water added to adjust the pulp concentration. As the slurry flows downward spirally due to gravity, the inclined motion generates an inertial centrifugal force. Under the combined effects of gravity and centrifugal force, and due to differences in specific gravity, particle size, and shape, valuable minerals are separated from gangue. The concentrate flows into the concentrate hopper and is collected through a pipeline. At the same time, the tailings enter the tailings hopper, are piped to a sand tank, and pumped away to complete the beneficiation process.
A spiral chute is usually used as the primary or roughing part of gold ore, with a concentrating table or flotation machine and other subsequent equipment to improve the recovery rate. This can obtain relatively high-grade concentrate.
The following will analyze the effectiveness of the spiral chutes designed by Xinhai in applying gold ore dressing.
(1) It adopts high-quality wear-resistant engineering plastics, which are acid and alkaline-resistant, flame-retardant, cold-resistant (minus 30 degrees), UV-protected, anti-aging, etc., and have a longer service life than fiberglass spiral chutes.
(2) The equipment has a compact structure and a small footprint, with a diameter of 1200 mm and a spacing of 580 mm. It is easy to install and move, especially suitable for small gold mines or field temporary ore dressing operations.
(3) The working surface is arranged with two three-dimensional spirals, which can improve the "high wall of dunes" phenomenon in the traditional spiral chute, improve the looseness of mineral particles, and increase the unit processing capacity.
(4) It is suitable for large-scale operation because of its large processing capacity and continuous operation. It has a single-head processing capacity of 1.5-2 t/h and a single-machine processing capacity of up to 6 t/h.
(5) It is highly adaptable to gold particle size, making it especially suitable for re-election of natural gold, parcel gold, and coarse-grained monomer gold, with high sorting efficiency.
(6) Concentrate grade improvement is obvious: through layered flow, a large number of veinstone impurities are effectively removed, and the initially selected concentrate is of high grade, which lays a good foundation for the subsequent selection process. Compared with the traditional spiral chute, the concentrate grade is increased by 0.3 to 3 percentage points, and the concentrate recovery rate is increased by 3 to 6 percentage points.
(7) No power, energy saving, and environmental protection: the spiral chute belongs to the gravity separator; no additional power is needed in the operation process, and the energy consumption is very low, which is suitable for the concept of green mine construction.
Therefore, as ideal equipment for gold ore pre-selection, the gravity spiral chute plays the role of "diverting and improving quality" in the process and dramatically improves the economy and technical effect of the subsequent beneficiation process.
Seeing this, I believe you already have a professional understanding of the spiral chute, but in the actual work, you should pay attention to some operational details:
1. Feed particle size control: before use, confirm the maximum feed particle size of the selected equipment. Too large ore into the ore will disturb the ore flow, blocking the concentrate discharge pipe. Therefore, before processing, screening equipment should be used to screen out the large pieces of ore;
2. Desliming treatment: When the processed material contains a large amount of mud, the beneficiation effect will be worse; therefore, if there is more mud, it must be designed beforehand;
3. Slurry concentration adjustment: the feed concentration should be controlled at about 20% to 30%; too low a concentration will cause running ore, and too high is not clear stratification;
4. Observe the banding situation and adjust it in time: pay attention to the distribution bandwidth of tailings, sub-concentrate, and concentrate, and change the position of the collecting hopper at the right time to optimize the collection.
Conclusion
The efficient gravity separation of the Spiral Chute reduces the need for complex chemical processes, promoting environmentally friendly gold processing practices. Their versatility and customized configurations to meet specific processing requirements make them a flexible solution worldwide for various mineral processing operations.
Thank you for reading. Xinhai China can provide advanced XH spiral chutes and customize efficient beneficiation solutions according to your ore type (such as alluvial or rock gold), processing capacity, power conditions, etc. You are welcome to contact us at any time!
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